国家网络安全事件应急预案
翻译成英文是：The emergency plan of national network security incident.
相关短语：
emergency plan
应急计划；应急方案；应急预案
双语例句：
Equipmentfailure:"Equipment failureemergencyplan".
设备故障：非预见性的设备故障具体按《设备故障应急预案》执行。
B. 网络安全的中文翻译成英文
The security of network
C. 保险英文
保险是一个汉语词语，英文是Insurance或insuraunce ，本意是稳妥可靠保障；后延伸成一种保障机制，是用来规划人生财务的一种工具，是市场经济条件下风险管理的基本手段，是金融体系和社会保障体系的重要的支柱。
拓展资料：
保险主体
保险主体，就是保险合同的主体，只包括投保人与保险人。被保险人、受益人、保单所有人，除非与投保人是
同一人，否则，都不是保险主体。
投保人，是指与保险人订立保险合同，并按照保险合同负有支付保险费义务的人。投保人可以是自然人也可以是法人，但必须具有民事行为能力。
保险人，保险人又称“承保人”，是指与投保人订立保险合同，并承担赔偿或者给付保险金责任的保险公司。在中国有股份有限公司和国有独资公司两种形式。保险人是法人，公民个人不能作为保险人。
被保险人，是指根据保险合同，其财产利益或人身受保险合同保障，在保险事故发生后，享有保险金请求权的人。投保人往往同时就是被保险人。
受益人，是指人身保险合同中由被保险人或者投保人指定的享有保险金请求权的人，投保人、被保险人可以为受益人。如果投保人或被保险人未指定受益人，则他的法定继承人即为受益人。
保单所有人，拥有保险利益所有权的人，很多时候是投保人、受益人，也可以是保单受让人。
保险客体
保险客体，即保险合同的客体，并非保险标的本身，而是投保人或被保险人对保险标的（biāodì)的可保利益。
可保利益，是投保人或被保险人对保险标的所具有的法律上承认的利益。这主要是因为保险合同保障的不是保险标的本身的安全，而是保险标的受损后投保人或被保险人、收益人的经济利益。保险标的只是可保利益的载体。
保险标的
保险标的即保险对象，人身保险的标的是被保险人的身体和生命，而广义的财产保险是以财产及其有关经济利益和损害赔偿责任为保险标的的保险，其中，财产损失保险的标的是被保险的财产，责任保险的标的是被保险人所要承担的经济赔偿责任，信用保险的标的是被保险人的信用导致的经济损失。
保险费率
保险费率是保险费与保险金额的比例，保险费率又被称为保险价格。通常以每百元或每千元保险金额应缴纳的保险费来表示。
保险人使用保险精算来量化风险。保险人通过数据的编制来估算未来损失(预定损失率)，通常采用合理的近似。保险精算使用统计学和概率来拟合并分析风险分布状态，保险人运用这种科学原理并附加一定条件来厘定保险费率。
这些附加条件包括预定投资收益率、保险单预定利率、预定营业费用和税金，人寿保险公司的附加条件还主要包括预定死亡率。
保险公司所必须支付的预定利率将会拿来与市场上的借款利率相比较，根据比较，许多保险公司并没有在预定利率方面胜出，但是他们宁肯将其控制到比从别处借款的利率还要低。如果不这样，保险公司将不会给所有者的资本以回报，那么他们将借钱给其他地方以获得市场价格的投资回报。
保险利益
保险利益是指投保人对保险标的具有的法律上承认的利益。通常投保人会因为保险标的的损害或者丧失而遭受经济上的损失，因为保险标的的保全而获得收益。只有当保险利益是法律上认可的，经济上的，确定的而不是预期的利益时，保险利益才能成立。一般来说，财产保险的保险利益在保险事故发生时存在，这时才能补偿损失；人身保险的保险利益必须在订立保险合同时存在，用来防止道德风险。
以寿险为例，投保人对自身及其配偶具有无限的可保权益，在一些国家地区，投保人与受保人如有血缘关系，也可构成可保权益。另外，债权人对未还清贷款的债务人也具有可保权益。
其成立条件是：保险利益必须是合法的利益，保险利益必须是经济上有价的利益，保险利益必须是确定的利益，保险利益必须是具有利害关系的利益。
D. 请解释一下这些保险险种的英文“全称”是高手的就来挑战！
WLI: whole life insurance
TR: term insurance 是定期保险的意思，与保险有关的R开头的词汇我知道得好像只有risk, retirement, residence, rain, riot, reinsurance. TR是不是保险公司自己的产品简称而不是通称？
我几乎要放弃了，想问发问者，险种英文名称基本上是以"insurance"结尾，应该是**I，可是你的缩略语中**R、**D什么的特别多，是某家公司的产品名吧？可以像第一个和第二个那样把中文写出来吗？
HI: health insurance
SI: sickness insurance
PB: permit bond
只好先放弃了。
E. 高分啊~!急! 关于网络安全的英文翻译
国际标准化组织(简写为ISO)开放互连系统(简写为OSI)访问模型定义了七个层次的通信类型和它们之间的
接口(见图1). 每一层取决于它下面一层所提供的服务,一直延伸到物理网络硬件,如计算机的网卡、以及
把这些卡连接在一起的线路.
简单地看这个模型的方法是把它和我们日常使用的东西:电话作比较.为了让你和我在听力所及范围之外交
谈，我们需要一个类似电话的装置.(在ISO/OSI模型,这位于应用层). 电话,只有在它们能把声音转换成电
子脉冲听通过线路来回传送时才有用.(这种功能是由应用层以下提供). 最后,我们着手物质的连接:两者
必须嵌入一个出口，它连接到电话系统的网络交换机中的一个转换器.
如果我给你打电话,我拿起接收器、拨你的号码.这个号码指定了哪个中央交换器来发送我的请求,然后,那
个中央转换器拨通哪个电话.一旦你接电话,我们开始交谈,我们的对话已经开始.从概念上说，计算机网络
的功能跟这一模一样.
你没有必要背诵ISO/OSI访问模型的层次;但知道它们的存在并且没有下面一层提供的服务每一层将无法工
作是有用的.
什么是一些热门的网络?
过去25多年来,一批网络和网络协议已被确定和使用.要去看看其中的两个网络,两者都是公共网络.任何人
都可以连接到这两个网络之一，或者他们可以使用各种网络类型把连接自己的主机(计算机)连接到一起，
而无需连接到公共网络.每种类型采取很不相同的方式提供网络服务.
uucp
uucp(UNIX系统至UNIX系统的复制)原是为连接UNIX系统主机研制(惊讶!).uucp从此被转化成很多不同的体
系结构,包括个人电脑、互助、amigas,苹果,视频调制系统等一切你能命名的和甚至有些你不能命名的.此
外,一些系统已经开发了类似于uucp的原理的.
F. 关于网络安全英语短句
1.网络安全的句子带英文
safe 英[seɪf] 美[sef]
adj. 安全的； 保险的，肯定的； 无损的； 提供保护的；
n. 保险箱，保险柜； 冷藏箱； 〈俚〉避孕套；
[例句]Officials arrived to assess whether it is safe to bring emergency food supplies into the city
官员们赶来评估向该市调拨紧急救援食品是否安全。
[其他] 比较级：safer 最高级：safest 复数：safes
2.十句关于正确使用网络的英语句子
The computer is one kind of tool, is uses to us, but not plays; The academic society uses the human is a smart person, will only play the human will be the stupid person, you may access the net, to look that the news, the understanding current event, will simultaneously raise itself to study using the network, but plays the game purely, is obtained the more network knowledge oneself. Although the network is a messenger, is also the good teacher and helpful friend who studies, but excessively many surfers can cause the vision to drop, the academic record drops; Serious also has the possibility to create is with one's family broken up and decimated!
电脑是一种工具，是给我们用的，而不是玩的；学会用的人是聪明人，只会玩的人则是愚蠢的人，你可以上网，看新闻、了解时事，同时培养自己利用网络来学习，而不是单纯地玩游戏，让自己获得更多的网络知识。网络虽是一个通信员，也是学习上的良师益友，但过多的上网会导致视力下降，学习成绩下降；严重的还有可能造成家破人亡！
3.网络安全的英语作文
Recently, the news that U.S attack on China's Internet is always exposed. And the question of how to stay online safely raises a lot of discussion in our country. As a result, in the era of rapid development of network, we must take measures to protect our security of privacy and property effectively.
最近的新闻都揭示了美国对中国网络的攻击。如何安全地上网在我国引起了大量的讨论。结果是在网络飞速发展的时代，我们必须要采取有效的措施来保护我们的隐私和财产安全。
From my perspective, in the first place, we should call attention to our personal information. Not only do we not offer them at random in some strange websites, but we need to distinguish right from wrong among the numerous websites. Furthermore, it is inevitable that some secure anti-virus soft wares can be installed. And it will make it possible for that network can run more steadily. In addition to doing some work by ourselves, the government needs to draw up some policies to preserve national cyber security. It involves probing for deeply rooted reasons, devising creative solutions, developing high-tech talents and strengthening the supervision.
从我的角度来看，首先，我们应该关注我们的个人信息。我们不仅不随随便便在一些奇怪的网站提供自己的信息，而且我们需要在众多的网站之间明辨是非。此外，安装一些安全的杀毒软件是必须的。这使得网络运行更加稳定。除了我们自己该做一些努力之外，还需要政府制定相关政策来保护国家网络安全。这就涉及到探究深层次的原因，想出有创造性的解决方案，发展高新技术人才、加强监管。
Although scientists still cannot overcome the problem completely, they are studying a great deal about how to protect our national cyber security. However, consciousness of cyber security should not decline. Only in this way, we just enjoy the convenience brought by the network.
尽管科学家仍无法完全克服这个问题，但是他们正在研究大量关于如何保护我们国家网络安全的办法。然而，不应该放松网络安全意识。只有这样我们才能享受到网络带给我们的便利。
4.有关上网利弊的英语短句 带翻译
Internet can be used for learning knowledge and it's richer than any library 网络可以用来 学习知识 并且它比任何一个图书馆里的知识都要丰富
It is a very valuable research tool 网络是个有价值的搜索工具
Another problem of the internet is the amount of pornography on it 另一个问题是网上有很多不健康信息
It allows Humans all over the world to keep in touch通过网络来自不同的地方的人也可以互相交流
the internet can play its part in informing us about what our own governments are doing通过网络我们可以知道我们的政府正在做什么
What one of your friends tells you might be more reliable than an internet site你的任何一个朋友告诉你的信息有可能比一个网站上的可靠.
internet give people many conveniences互联网给人带来许多便利
you can buy goods which you need without going to a supermarket or any shop ,but only by e-shopping你可以不用去商店或者超市就能直接通过电子购物而买到需要的商品
emails is another benefit the internet brings to us,especially for businessmen 电子邮件则是另一个由因特网带来的好处，特别是对于工作的人
5.关于上网安全的英语作文70字带翻译
7a6431333337623462Along with the time development, accessing the net already turned the extremely universal matter. No matter is alt or the child, so long as mentioning the computer, all think of internet. But, accessing the internet is advantageous ,but also has shortcoming.
I knew very many people access the net, mainly is for playing games, which is very bad for the study. Therefore, some people believed, the elementary and middle school students lack the self-control.
But,there are many people approving to accessing internet, why? Because internet can provide to the people very helps. First, the network looks like a library, we can look up very many materials easily,and it is quicker than the speed of consulting books; Next, we may read a richer news on-line; In addition, accessing the net also has other functions, for example, E-mail, telephoning on the net and so on.
Actually, accessing the net has its profit and the shortcoming place. We use it to open to expand the field of vision, the study knowledge, but must certainly grasp the discretion.
6.和网络有关的英文谚语和格言
Strength alone knows conflict, weakneis below even defeat, and is born vanquished. -- Swetchine
只有强者才懂得斗争；弱者甚至失败都不够资格，而是生来就是被征服的。
The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them. -- Bernara Shaw
在这个世界上取得成就的人，都努力去寻找他们想要的机会，如果找不到机会，他们便自己创造机会。
7.求翻译~英文摘要~关于网络信息安全的
Since twentieth Century, the rapid development of computer technology, especially the rapid development of Internet technology, has put the whole world even as a whole, so that the social development is inseparable from the information network. It constantly changing economic, social, cultural structure and operation mode, and the transmission of information relating to financial, science ecation, military and other fields, in to the people and the country brings convenient, efficient information sharing at the same time, but also to the security of network information has brought many problems. In today's international competitive situation, the network information security is more and more attention from all over the world. This article from the network information security problems and characteristics, the main techniques of network security, common network attack methods and countermeasures, the construction of network security and other aspects of the present stage of our country network information security problems and restricting factors and how from technology and management and other aspects the construction has the Chinese characteristic information security comprehensive security system, ensure our country network information security.
Key word
The network information security of network attack network ethics network security comprehensive security system
8.10句关于安全的英语谚语
1. nothinask not what your country can do for you ,ask what you can do for your country.
2. in the world is impossible if you set your mind to do it.
3. never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
4. He bites off more than he can chew.
5. To teach a fish how to swim.
6. The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved.
7. Cultured and fine manners are everywhere a passport to regard.
8. What you love on the swings you get back on the roundabouts.
9. No man lives without jostling and being jostled ,in all ways he has to elbow himself through the world giving and receiving offence.
10. Thought is the seed of action.
G. 关于保险的英文意思
PI EE: 养老保险
UI EE: 失业保险
MI EE: 医疗保险
PHF EE: 公积金
H. 急求关于网络保险的英文文献！！！
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurance
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA
网络保险
Internet Insurance
Network insurance
Net Insurance
保险学 Insurance
http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=uO8F501cxuoC&pg=PA350&lpg=PA350&dq=Net+Insurance&source=web&ots=2KPcc5u3X0&sig=bRLwUXiMe3TPmu-8v1DrVW5G9vg&hl=en
http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=LsbY6WPo41oC&pg=PT323&lpg=PT323&dq=Net+Insurance&source=web&ots=gVkdB3wlNS&sig=pQXWstUk4boO4TcpHZOh4bKJyzY&hl=en
http://books.google.com.sg/books?id=xP5d0OcQDScC&pg=PA189&lpg=PA189&dq=Net+Insurance&source=web&ots=dFsvdx1W4f&sig=6tPP8qP_A04ViEF7nN2fP7jtc04&hl=en
Insurance, in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss. Insurance is defined as the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another, in exchange for a premium. An insurer is a company selling the insurance. The insurance rate is a factor used to determine the amount, called the premium, to be charged for a certain amount of insurance coverage. Risk management, the practice of appraising and controlling risk, has evolved as a discrete field of study and practice.
Principles of insurance
A large number of homogeneous exposure units. The vast majority of insurance policies are provided for indivial members of very large classes. Automobile insurance, for example, covered about 175 million automobiles in the United States in 2004.[2] The existence of a large number of homogeneous exposure units allows insurers to benefit from the so-called “law of large numbers,” which in effect states that as the number of exposure units increases, the actual results are increasingly likely to become close to expected results. There are exceptions to this criterion. Lloyd's of London is famous for insuring the life or health of actors, actresses and sports figures. Satellite Launch insurance covers events that are infrequent. Large commercial property policies may insure exceptional properties for which there are no ‘homogeneous’ exposure units. Despite failing on this criterion, many exposures like these are generally considered to be insurable.
Definite Loss. The event that gives rise to the loss that is subject to insurance should, at least in principle, take place at a known time, in a known place, and from a known cause. The classic example is death of an insured on a life insurance policy. Fire, automobile accidents, and worker injuries may all easily meet this criterion. Other types of losses may only be definite in theory. Occupational disease, for instance, may involve prolonged exposure to injurious conditions where no specific time, place or cause is identifiable. Ideally, the time, place and cause of a loss should be clear enough that a reasonable person, with sufficient information, could objectively verify all three elements.
Accidental Loss. The event that constitutes the trigger of a claim should be fortuitous, or at least outside the control of the beneficiary of the insurance. The loss should be ‘pure,’ in the sense that it results from an event for which there is only the opportunity for cost. Events that contain speculative elements, such as ordinary business risks, are generally not considered insurable.
Large Loss. The size of the loss must be meaningful from the perspective of the insured. Insurance premiums need to cover both the expected cost of losses, plus the cost of issuing and administering the policy, adjusting losses, and supplying the capital needed to reasonably assure that the insurer will be able to pay claims. For small losses these latter costs may be several times the size of the expected cost of losses. There is little point in paying such costs unless the protection offered has real value to a buyer.
Affordable Premium. If the likelihood of an insured event is so high, or the cost of the event so large, that the resulting premium is large relative to the amount of protection offered, it is not likely that anyone will buy insurance, even if on offer. Further, as the accounting profession formally recognizes in financial accounting standards, the premium cannot be so large that there is not a reasonable chance of a significant loss to the insurer. If there is no such chance of loss, the transaction may have the form of insurance, but not the substance. (See the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board standard number 113)
Calculable Loss. There are two elements that must be at least estimable, if not formally calculable: the probability of loss, and the attendant cost. Probability of loss is generally an empirical exercise, while cost has more to do with the ability of a reasonable person in possession of a of the insurance policy and a proof of loss associated with a claim presented under that policy to make a reasonably definite and objective evaluation of the amount of the loss recoverable as a result of the claim.
Limited risk of catastrophically large losses. The essential risk is often aggregation. If the same event can cause losses to numerous policyholders of the same insurer, the ability of that insurer to issue policies becomes constrained, not by factors surrounding the indivial characteristics of a given policyholder, but by the factors surrounding the sum of all policyholders so exposed. Typically, insurers prefer to limit their exposure to a loss from a single event to some small portion of their capital base, on the order of 5 percent. Where the loss can be aggregated, or an indivial policy could proce exceptionally large claims, the capital constraint will restrict an insurers appetite for additional policyholders. The classic example is earthquake insurance, where the ability of an underwriter to issue a new policy depends on the number and size of the policies that it has already underwritten. Wind insurance in hurricane zones, particularly along coast lines, is another example of this phenomenon. In extreme cases, the aggregation can affect the entire instry, since the combined capital of insurers and reinsurers can be small compared to the needs of potential policyholders in areas exposed to aggregation risk. In commercial fire insurance it is possible to find single properties whose total exposed value is well in excess of any indivial insurer’s capital constraint. Such properties are generally shared among several insurers, or are insured by a single insurer who syndicates the risk into the reinsurance market.
[edit] Indemnification
Main article: Indemnity
The technical definition of "indemnity" means to make whole again. There are two types of insurance contracts; 1) an "indemnity" policy and 2) a "pay on behalf" or "on behalf of"[3] policy. The difference is significant on paper, but rarely material in practice.
An "indemnity" policy will never pay claims until the insured has paid out of pocket to some third party; i.e. a visitor to your home slips on a floor that you left wet and sues you for $10,000 and wins. Under an "indemnity" policy the homeowner would have to come up with the $10,000 to pay for the visitors fall and then would be "indemnified" by the insurance carrier for the out of pocket costs (the $10,000)[4].
Under the same situation, a "pay on behalf" policy, the insurance carrier would pay the claim and the insured (the homeowner) would not be out of pocket for anything. Most modern liability insurance is written on the basis of "pay on behalf" language[5].
An entity seeking to transfer risk (an indivial, corporation, or association of any type, etc.) becomes the 'insured' party once risk is assumed by an 'insurer', the insuring party, by means of a contract, called an insurance 'policy'. Generally, an insurance contract includes, at a minimum, the following elements: the parties (the insurer, the insured, the beneficiaries), the premium, the period of coverage, the particular loss event covered, the amount of coverage (i.e., the amount to be paid to the insured or beneficiary in the event of a loss), and exclusions (events not covered). An insured is thus said to be "indemnified" against the loss events covered in the policy.
When insured parties experience a loss for a specified peril, the coverage entitles the policyholder to make a 'claim' against the insurer for the covered amount of loss as specified by the policy. The fee paid by the insured to the insurer for assuming the risk is called the 'premium'. Insurance premiums from many insureds are used to fund accounts reserved for later payment of claims—in theory for a relatively few claimants—and for overhead costs. So long as an insurer maintains adequate funds set aside for anticipated losses (i.e., reserves), the remaining margin is an insurer's profit.
[edit] Insurer’s business model
Profit = earned premium + investment income - incurred loss - underwriting expenses.
Insurers make money in two ways: (1) through underwriting, the process by which insurers select the risks to insure and decide how much in premiums to charge for accepting those risks and (2) by investing the premiums they collect from insureds.
The most difficult aspect of the insurance business is the underwriting of policies. Using a wide assortment of data, insurers predict the likelihood that a claim will be made against their policies and price procts accordingly. To this end, insurers use actuarial science to quantify the risks they are willing to assume and the premium they will charge to assume them. Data is analyzed to fairly accurately project the rate of future claims based on a given risk. Actuarial science uses statistics and probability to analyze the risks associated with the range of perils covered, and these scientific principles are used to determine an insurer's overall exposure. Upon termination of a given policy, the amount of premium collected and the investment gains thereon minus the amount paid out in claims is the insurer's underwriting profit on that policy. Of course, from the insurer's perspective, some policies are winners (i.e., the insurer pays out less in claims and expenses than it receives in premiums and investment income) and some are losers (i.e., the insurer pays out more in claims and expenses than it receives in premiums and investment income).
An insurer's underwriting performance is measured in its combined ratio. The loss ratio (incurred losses and loss-adjustment expenses divided by net earned premium) is added to the expense ratio (underwriting expenses divided by net premium written) to determine the company's combined ratio. The combined ratio is a reflection of the company's overall underwriting profitability. A combined ratio of less than 100 percent indicates underwriting profitability, while anything over 100 indicates an underwriting loss.
Insurance companies also earn investment profits on “float”. “Float” or available reserve is the amount of money, at hand at any given moment, that an insurer has collected in insurance premiums but has not been paid out in claims. Insurers start investing insurance premiums as soon as they are collected and continue to earn interest on them until claims are paid out.
In the United States, the underwriting loss of property and casualty insurance companies was $142.3 billion in the five years ending 2003. But overall profit for the same period was $68.4 billion, as the result of float. Some insurance instry insiders, most notably Hank Greenberg, do not believe that it is forever possible to sustain a profit from float without an underwriting profit as well, but this opinion is not universally held. Naturally, the “float” method is difficult to carry out in an economically depressed period. Bear markets do cause insurers to shift away from investments and to toughen up their underwriting standards. So a poor economy generally means high insurance premiums. This tendency to swing between profitable and unprofitable periods over time is commonly known as the "underwriting" or insurance cycle. [6]
Property and casualty insurers currently make the most money from their auto insurance line of business. Generally better statistics are available on auto losses and underwriting on this line of business has benefited greatly from advances in computing. Additionally, property losses in the US, e to natural catastrophes, have exacerbated this trend.
Finally, claims and loss handling is the materialized utility of insurance. In managing the claims-handling function, insurers seek to balance the elements of customer satisfaction, administrative handling expenses, and claims overpayment leakages. As part of this balancing act, fraulent insurance practices are a major business risk that must be managed and overcome.
Types of insurance
Any risk that can be quantified can potentially be insured. Specific kinds of risk that may give rise to claims are known as "perils". An insurance policy will set out in detail which perils are covered by the policy and which are not. Below are (non-exhaustive) lists of the many different types of insurance that exist. A single policy may cover risks in one or more of the categories set forth below. For example, auto insurance would typically cover both property risk (covering the risk of theft or damage to the car) and liability risk (covering legal claims from causing an accident). A homeowner's insurance policy in the U.S. typically includes property insurance covering damage to the home and the owner's belongings, liability insurance covering certain legal claims against the owner, and even a small amount of health insurance for medical expenses of guests who are injured on the owner's property.
Business insurance can be any kind of insurance that protects businesses against risks. Some principal subtypes of business insurance are (a) the various kinds of professional liability insurance, also called professional indemnity insurance, which are discussed below under that name; and (b) the business owners policy (BOP), which bundles into one policy many of the kinds of coverage that a business owner needs, in a way analogous to how homeowners insurance bundles the coverages that a homeowner needs.[7]
Health
Health insurance policies will often cover the cost of private medical treatments if the National Health Service in the United Kingdom (NHS) or other publicly-funded health programs do not pay for them. It will often result in quicker health care where better facilities are available. Dental insurance, like medical insurance, is coverage for indivials to protect them against dental costs. In the U.S., dental insurance is often part of an employer's benefits package, along with health insurance. Most countries rely on public funding to ensure that all citizens have universal access to health care.
[edit] Disability
Disability insurance policies provide financial support in the event the policyholder is unable to work because of disabling illness or injury. It provides monthly support to help pay such obligations as mortgages and credit cards.
Total permanent disability insurance insurance provides benefits when a person is permanently disabled and can no longer work in their profession, often taken as an adjunct to life insurance.
Disability overhead insurance allows business owners to cover the overhead expenses of their business while they are unable to work.
Workers' compensation insurance replaces all or part of a worker's wages lost and accompanying medical expense incurred because of a job-related injury.
Casualty
Casualty insurance insures against accidents, not necessarily tied to any specific property.
Crime insurance is a form of casualty insurance that covers the policyholder against losses arising from the criminal acts of third parties. For example, a company can obtain crime insurance to cover losses arising from theft or embezzlement.
Political risk insurance is a form of casualty insurance that can be taken out by businesses with operations in countries in which there is a risk that revolution or other political conditions will result in a loss.
[edit] Life insurance
Main article: Life insurance
Life insurance provides a monetary benefit to a decedent's family or other designated beneficiary, and may specifically provide for income to an insured person's family, burial, funeral and other final expenses. Life insurance policies often allow the option of having the proceeds paid to the beneficiary either in a lump sum cash payment or an annuity.
Annuities provide a stream of payments and are generally classified as insurance because they are issued by insurance companies and regulated as insurance and require the same kinds of actuarial and investment management expertise that life insurance requires. Annuities and pensions that pay a benefit for life are sometimes regarded as insurance against the possibility that a retiree will outlive his or her financial resources. In that sense, they are the complement of life insurance and, from an underwriting perspective, are the mirror image of life insurance.
Certain life insurance contracts accumulate cash values, which may be taken by the insured if the policy is surrendered or which may be borrowed against. Some policies, such as annuities and endowment policies, are financial instruments to accumulate or liquidate wealth when it is needed.
In many countries, such as the U.S. and the UK, the tax law provides that the interest on this cash value is not taxable under certain circumstances. This leads to widespread use of life insurance as a tax-efficient method of saving as well as protection in the event of early death.
In U.S., the tax on interest income on life insurance policies and annuities is generally deferred. However, in some cases the benefit derived from tax deferral may be offset by a low return. This depends upon the insuring company, the type of policy and other variables (mortality, market return, etc.). Moreover, other income tax saving vehicles (e.g., IRAs, 401(k) plans, Roth IRAs) may be better alternatives for value accumulation. A combination of low-cost term life insurance and a higher-return tax-efficient retirement account may achieve better investment return.
Property
Property insurance provides protection against risks to property, such as fire, theft or weather damage. This includes specialized forms of insurance such as fire insurance, flood insurance, earthquake insurance, home insurance, inland marine insurance or boiler insurance.
字数超限了。。。
I. 网络安全的句子带英文
safe 英[seɪf] 美[sef]
adj. 安全的; 保险的，肯定的; 无损的; 提供保护的;
n. 保险箱，保险柜; 冷藏箱; 〈俚〉避孕套;
[例句]Officials arrived to assess whether it is safe to bring emergency food supplies into the city
官员们赶来评估向该市调拨紧急救援食品是否安全。
[其他] 比较级：safer 最高级：safest 复数：safes
J. 保险责任的英语翻译 保险责任用英语怎么说
保险责任
[词典] [法] insured liability;
[例句]指保险人根据保险合同的规定，向被保险人支付的赔偿保险责任损失的金额。
Is the compensation paid by the insurer to the insurant in accordance with the insurance contract.